unix windows command conversion

DOS Command UNIX or Bash Command Action DIR ls -l (or use ls -lF)(-a all files) (df -k Space remaining on filesystem) List directory contents DIR *.* /o-d DIR *.* /v /os DIR /s DIR /aa ls -tr ls -ls ls -R ls -a List directory contents by reverse time of modification/creation. List files and size List directory/sub-directory contents recursively. List hidden files. TREE ls -R List directory recursivly CD cd Change directory MKDIR MD mkdir Make a new directory ASSIGN ln Create a file or directory link RMDIR RD rmdir Remove a directory CHDIR pwd Display directory location DEL ERASE rm -iv Remove a file RMDIR /S (NT) DELTREE (Win 95...) rm -R Remove all directories and files below given directory COPY cp -piv Copy a file XCOPY cp -R Copy all file of directory recursivly RENAME or MOVE mv -iv Rename/move a file TYPE cat Dump contents of a file to users screen MORE more Pipe output a single page at a time HELP or COMMAND /? man Online manuals CLS clear ctrl-l Clear screen EXIT EXIT0 exit exit 0 Exit a shell FIND FINDSTR grep Look for a word in files given in command line COMP diff Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff. FC diff Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff. SET set and env List all environment variables SET variable=value echo %variable% set export variable=value echo $variable Set environment variables Show environment variables ECHO text echo text Echo text to screen SET variable setenv (for C shell) or export VAR=val (for Korn shell. Also VAR=val) Set environment variables PATH PATH %PATH%;C:\DIR echo $PATH PATH=$PATH:/dir Display search path for executables. Set PATH environment variable. PROMPT $p$g export PS1='\h(\u)\W> ' Set user command prompt. DATE or TIME date Show date. (also set date - DOS only) DOSKEY /h history List command history DOSKEY NAME=command alias NAME=command Set command alias BREAK ON trap Trap ctrl-break / Trap signals. SORT sort Sort data alphabetically/numerically EDLIN ed Line mode editor EDIT filename.txt pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad Edit a file. The Linux editor which looks most like DOS edit is probably Pico. (Not a recomendation!) BACKUP files A:\ tar -cvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy doswrite -a file (AIX only) Save files to floppy. See Using DOS floppies RESTORE A:\ files tar -xvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy dosread -a file (AIX only) Read files from floppy. See Using DOS floppies ATTRIB [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [path\file] /s chmod Change file permissions. DOS: +:set to -:remove r:Read only a:Archive s:System /s:recursively ATTRIB +h or -h mv file .file Change file to a hidden file - rename file with prefix "." PRINT lpr Print a file CALL COMMAND /C (DOS), CMD (NT) source script (cshrc) . script (bash) sh script Execute script from within batch shell. MEM free top Show free memory on system TASKLIST (WIN2K, XP) ps -aux top List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes MSD lsdev Show system info (Command borrowed from AIX) SCANDISK DEFRAG C: fsck debugfs Check and repair hard drive file system CHDISK du -s Disk usage. FDISK fdisk Tool to partition a hard drive. SUBST V: C:\directory\path mount Mount a drive letter to a folder/directory on your hard drive. FORMAT mke2fs See: fdformat and mformat for floppies Format drive file system. For floppy drive use see YoLinux Tutorial Using DOS Floppies with Linux VER uname -a echo $SHELL cat /etc/issue Operating system/shell version pkzip tar and zip Compress and uncompress files/directories. Use tar to create compilation of a directory before compressing. Linux also has compress, gzip HOSTNAME hostname Print host name of computer PING ping Send packets to a network host TRACERT traceroute Show routes and router hops to given network destination. IPCONFIG (NT) WINIPCFG (Win 95...) ifconfig Display/configure network interface NBTSTAT (Netbios info: -n, -c) NBTSTAT -A IP-address nslookup host-name host host-name Print DNS info for host. NBTSTAT -a hostname nmblookup -A hostname lookup NetBIOS names. ROUTE PRINT route -n Print routing table. NET HELP START chkconfig --list |grep on List services. NET STARTservice-name NET STOPservice-name service service-name start service service-name stop Start/stop service/daemon. NET SHARES df Show mounted shares/filesystems. NET SEND (NT) smbclient -M MS-Windows-host-name talk Send pop-up to a MS/Windows PC Send message to another Unix/Linux user. See YoLinux tutorial WIN startx Start X-Windows. REBOOT shutdown -r now Reboot system. To find out how to do something on UNIX simply type "man -k subject_matter". This will do a key word search for all commands dealing with the subject matter. Then use the appropriate command. Online manuals are available on all the commands by typing "man command_name". MS/Windows info: http://www.mcmcse.com/ http://www.techtutorials.net/ Shell Descriptor/Operators: DOS Descriptor/Operator UNIX or Bash Descriptor/Operator Description \ / Directory path delimiter .\ ./ Current directory ..\ ../ Parent directory ctrl-z ctrl-d End of file/close shell ctrl-c ctrl-c Interrupt/process break * * file name wild card ? ? Single character wild card %VAR% $VAR Variable prefix %1 %2 %3 $1 $2 $3 First, second and third shell command line arguments. / - Command line option flag prefix | | Pipe > > stdout redirection >> >> stdout redirection overwrite < < stdin redirection Shell Script Operators: DOS Operator UNIX or Bash Operator Description @ ECHO OFF set +v Set verbose mode off. -v: Echo each line of shell script as it is executed. % $ command line argument prefix. DOS: %1 Bash: $1 for firs argument. REM # Comment. (Not processed.) == = string "equal to" comparison !==! != string "not equal to" comparison NOT ! negative of test expression CHOICE case case/switch statement IF IF EXIST C:\filename IF NOT EXIST C:\filename if [[ test-resulting-in-bool ]]; then ... elif ...; then ... else ... fi if [ -e /dir/filename ]; then if [ ! -e /dir/filename ]; then if-test If file exists If file does not exist. GOTO ABC ... :ABC goto ABC ... :ABC Branch FOR ... IN ... DO FOR %%fff IN (C:\dir\*.*) DO echo %%fff for ffiillee in lliisstt; do ...; done for (( expr1; expr2; expr3; )) do ...; done For loop ERRORLEVEL $? exit status/return code PAUSE sleep sleep for specified interval Bash shell aliases for DOS users: The following are bash shell aliases which can be added to the system profile or the user's personal profile ($HOME/.bashrc) to correct and help DOS users on Linux. alias dir="echo 'Use the command: ls -lF'" alias tree="echo 'Use the command: ls -R'" alias del="echo 'Use the command: rm -iv'" alias move="echo 'Use the command: mv -iv'" alias rename="echo 'Use the command: mv -iv'" alias copy="echo 'Use the command: cp -piv'" alias type="echo 'Use the command: cat'" alias cls="echo 'Use the command: clear'" alias mem="echo 'Use the command: free'" alias ver="echo 'Use the command: uname -a'" alias A:="echo 'Use the command: mdir a:'" alias a:="A:" alias C:="echo 'No C drive in Linux. Go to your home directory with the command: cd'" alias c:="C:" Devices: DOS Device Linux Device Description NUL /dev/null Send into nothingness CON stdin stdin from console PRN LPT1 /dev/lp0 First printer device COM1 /dev/ttyS0 Firsst serial port Equivalent Linux and MS/Windows GUI Applications: MS/Windows Command Linux Command Description C:\WINDOWS\cmd gnome-terminal konsole Command Text Terminal C:\WINDOWS\explorer nautilus --no-desktop File browser c:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore firefox mozilla Web browser C:\WINDOWS\notepad C:\Program Files\Windows NT\Accessories\wordpad gedit Text editor C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office10\winword excel powerpnt oowriter oocalc ooimpress MS/Office and Open Office suites (ooffice) C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat 7.0\Reader\acrord32 acroread Adobe PDF viewer mspaint tuxpaint xfig gimp Graphics and painting program C:\Program Files\WinZip\winzip32 file-roller File compress / decompress / pack / unpack taskmgr ksysguard qps gnome-system-monitor xosview Process and system load monitor YoLinux Tutorials: Microsoft Windows Network integration tutorial Running Microsoft Windows programs on Linux Links: bash - Bash man page DOS shell scripting